（壹）作定語
1. 動詞現在分詞單獨作定語，通常放在所修飾詞前。例如：
The sleeping boy is Tom.
2. 現在分詞短語作定語放在所修飾詞的後面，意思同定語從句差不多。例如 ：
Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.
3. 現在分詞可相當於非限制性定語，常用逗號分開。例如：
Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.
4. 有時現在分詞可以和副詞或名詞構成復合詞作定語。例如：
This is an English-speaking country.
過去分詞作定語有前置和後置兩種情況。
1、前置定語
單個的過去分詞作定語,通常放在被修飾的名詞之前,表示被動和完成意義。
A類:被動意義:
an honored guest 壹位受尊敬的客人
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受傷的工人現正在醫院受到良好的照料。
B類:完成意義:
a retired teacher 壹位退休的教師
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.
他們正在打掃院子裏的落葉。
2、後置定語
過去分詞短語作定語時,通常放在被修飾的名詞之後,它的作用相當於壹個定語從句。如:
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).
這將是這類小說中寫得最好的。
Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?
昨晚被邀請參加妳的晚會的那些所謂的客人是誰呀?