英語音標表

壹,元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a

在開音節中

[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在閉音節中

[?] bag dad hat map black back

e

在開音節中

[i:] he these me Chinese

在閉音節中

[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在開音節中

[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在閉音節中

[i] fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在開音節中

[?u] those close go hoe home no

在閉音節中

[?] clock not box shop sock

u

在開音節中

[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在閉音節中

[?]bus cup jump much lunch

在開音節中,元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a

[?] China another woman breakfast

[i] orange comrade village cabbage

e

[?] hundred student open weekend

[?:] nerve serve term

[i] chicken pocket begin children

i

[i] holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o

[?] second tonight somebody welcome

[?u] also zero photo

u

[?] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置,a讀[ei]音,例如:operate

u處在開音節位置,又在輔音字母j l r s後面時,讀[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

三,元音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a在[w]音後面

[?] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[?u] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[?] come monkey love mother

四,-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

ar

ar在[w]音後面

[a:] car farm dark sharpener

[?:] warm quarter towards

or

or在[w]音後面

[?:] forty morning short

[?:] word worker worse

er ir ur

[?:] certainly bird Thursday

輔音字母r雙寫時,前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音.例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五,-re音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

are

[] care dare hare

ere

[i?] here mere

ire

[ai?] fire hire wire

ore

[?:] more score before

ure

[ju?] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中,ure在非重讀音節中讀[?]音,例如:picture pleasure

重讀元音字母加Rr,再加非重讀元字組時,重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀,字母Rr讀[r]音.

例如:parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象.

例如:orange very American paragraph

六,元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

ai/ay

[ei] afraid rain wait day play

air

[ai?] air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前

[?] small ball talk wall all

[?:l] always also salt almost bald

[a:] half calm

au/aw

[?:] autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear

[i?] hear dear near clear year

[ε?] bear pear wear

[?:] earth learn early

ee

[i:] jeep week green three

eer

[i?] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s後

[ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew

ie/ei在[s]音之後

[i:] piece field receive

oa

[?u] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[?:] roar board door floor

oi/oy

[?i] noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:] broom food tooth school

[u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au] flower house count down

[?u] know row throw though

[?] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our

[?:] course your four

[au?] our hour ours

[?:] journey

ui

在j l r s後

[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七,非重讀音節中元音字組和字群的讀音

元音字組或字群

讀 音

例 詞

ai/ay ei/ey

[i] Sunday foreign monkey

ow

[?u] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音或[i].

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

[∫n] impression nation

-sion在元音字母後

[?n] vision decision occasion

-tion在s後

[t∫?n] question suggestion

-sten

[sn] listen

-stle

[sl] whistle

-sure

[] pleasure measure

-ture

[t∫?] picture culture

八,元字組在復合詞非重讀音節中的讀音

復合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號,但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀.

例如:

everyday[ei]

handbag[?]

blackboard[?:]

有些詞隨著語言的發展,前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義,融合成為壹個詞.其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音.

例如:

sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神聖 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日

break中斷 + fast[a:]齋戒 > breakfast[?] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] > cupboard[?] 碗櫃

九,輔字組的讀音

輔字組

讀 音

例 詞

b

[b] bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k] cake picture coat music

[s] face decide cinema

ch

[t∫] much chick rich teacher

[k] school headache chemistry

[∫] machine

-ck

[k] cock pocket black knock

d

[d] doctor bread hand day

-dge

[d?] bridge fridge

dr-

[dr] children driver drink

f

[f] five four breakfast

g

g在e i/y前

[g] bag gardon go

[d?] orange large German

gh

[f] cough enough

[/] light daughter high

gu- -gue

gu在非重讀音節中

[g] guess league dialogue

[gw] language anguish

h

[h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j

[d?] jeep jar joke join July

k

[k] kind bike skate make week

kn-

[n] knife know knock

l

[l] life milk school tall

m

[m] monkey come autumn

-mn

[m] autumn column

n

n在[k] [g]音前

[n] not shine ten note

[?] uncle thank hungry

-ng

[?] morning young wrong

p

[p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph

[f] elephant photo telephone

q

[k] Iraq

qu-

[kw] quality quite

r

[r] red rubber ruler